Why the VAZ 2106 is not charging. Why there is no charging: the main reasons. What is a generator

First of all, it is necessary to check the integrity of fuses No. 9 and 10, as well as their secure fastening in the fuse block.

In addition, even though the fuses appear to be in good working order (the fuse link has not blown), the fuse may be faulty. The fact is that despite the fact that the insert has not blown, the fuse is nevertheless faulty. Due to long service life, the tops of the fuses at their entrance to the sockets wear out. This can be determined visually. To do this, the fuse is removed from its sockets and the upper and lower parts of the fuse, which are a continuation of the fuse link, are inspected. Visually, the worn edge of the fuse will be immediately visible in the form of a circle, like a mark from the socket where it is inserted. Such fuses are replaced and charging is checked again.

If, after replacing the fuses, the VAZ 2106 still does not charge the battery, then you should continue troubleshooting.

Next, you need to check the integrity of the generator drive belt and its tension. If the belt is not torn and its tension is normal, then you need to check the condition of the drive pulleys. When the inner surface of the pulleys wears out, the alternator belt simply begins to slip, which will also contribute to the incomplete charging of the battery or there will be no charging at all. You can check this visually by looking at the inside of the pulley. If it shines, it means the belt is slipping and it was he who polished the inside of the pulley.

This pulley must be replaced together with the drive belt.

The next reason why the battery may not charge is poor contact at the battery terminals or their oxidation. The unreliable contact is tightened, and the oxidized terminals must be treated with a solution of soda and water. Soda neutralizes the oxide, after which the terminal must be rinsed with water and wiped well. To ensure that the remaining oxide is removed with fine sandpaper. Then the terminal must be lubricated, for example with Litol 24 grease. A similar operation must be done with the terminals themselves. There is no need to sand the terminals or scrape them with a knife. They are very malleable, since they are cast from lead, and three or four such procedures will noticeably reduce their diameter, which will make it impossible to properly tighten the terminals, and therefore there will be no reliable contact between them. Entrust this issue to soda and it will perfectly clean the terminals of oxide.

It is worth checking the contact points of the terminals on the generator for oxidation, which also need to be freed from oxide.

If there is no battery charging in a VAZ 2106 car, then the brushes in the generator set may be to blame.

. They may have extreme wear or jam in the brush holder sockets.

To check the brushes, the generator does not need to be removed from the vehicle, since the brush assembly is accessible and easily removed. Worn brushes are either replaced or the entire assembly is replaced. The movement of the brushes is checked by pressing. The brushes should slide into their wells easily and return easily. Otherwise, the brushes are removed and the wells are cleaned, and burrs are also removed from the brushes themselves.

The contact of the generator with the vehicle ground is also checked and, if necessary, restored. Sometimes it is enough to slightly release the fastening of the wire with ground and move the wire from side to side, which will be enough to restore reliable contact. For complete control, the wire is removed and the tip is stripped.

Possible malfunctions of the VAZ 2106 generator

The generator itself may have the following faults:

• Damage to the diode bridge (popularly known as a “horseshoe”)
• Malfunction of the stator winding - interturn short circuit, short circuit to the housing or internal break
• Malfunction of the rotor field winding, with symptoms similar to those in the stator winding. In addition, there may be a lot of wear on the contact rings, which disrupts their reliable contact with the brushes

If, when checking, there is a normal voltage of 13.5-14.2V at the generator output, and the battery is not charging, then it is necessary to check the integrity of the wire running from the generator to the battery.

The lack of charging can also be affected by a malfunction of the relay-regulator, as well as its poor contact with ground.

Also read other reviews

There were 3 cases during the winter. Frosts. In the morning a client calls and complains that there is no charger. I'm calling you to come over. He arrives and says that halfway through the journey the charging appeared. I checked everything: I rang and shook the wiring, tightened everything I could, measured all the voltages. I didn't find anything, everything is fine. He sent the client away with God, everyone remained with their own interests. On the 2nd car the same thing, except that I removed and shook (with a test on the stand) the generator to calm my conscience. I decided to figure out the 3rd car to the end and finally earn at least something. Leave the car in the cold - relax! About two hours later I start it on the street - no charger! There, on the street, I began to look at what was wrong - God forbid the malfunction disappears again. The charging lamp does not light up, there is no initial excitation. From the control (from the battery positive), the generator is excited, the wiring to the instrument panel is connected. Found what I was looking for! On the instrument panel, the connector contacts are riveted to the board (I didn’t discover America, everyone knows that). There was no contact from the charging indicator lamp in the connector. I soldered all the contacts in the connectors, because while the instrument panel was tinkering, other glitches appeared due to these rivets. It turns out that as the interior warmed up, the contact in the riveted connectors was restored. By the way, in 4 years I have never observed this in carburetor sevens; they knew how to rivet before! I called the first two cars, did the same thing, and never showed up again.

A typical problem for classics. The problem is most often in the tidy, you have to solder it.

Another solution to the problem

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On my new 2107 (2010 model), when starting in cold weather, charging did not occur (GENERATOR - “EIGHT”). If you increase the engine speed to 2000, the battery begins to charge. Everything would be fine, but sometimes the battery charging light did not light up at all when the ignition was turned on and it was necessary to warm up the engine without charging the battery, and then when the engine was restarted, charging began. What was done on the advice of auto electrician friends: changed the brush assembly with the tablet, tightened the alternator belt, pulled the + terminal on the alternator. Removing the generator for a full inspection was extremely lazy. But it didn't help. I assumed that in the cold there is not enough current in the excitation winding (again, the VAZ engineers did not take something into account). And to increase the current, I connected contact +15 (ignition) with contact 61 (excitation winding) through a series-connected diode and a 10 Ohm, 20 W resistor. I've been driving for a year - the flight is normal, no symptoms of old problems. A diode is needed so that when the engine is turned off, the current intended for the excitation winding does not flow back into the ignition circuit. However, the phenomenon of reverse current through the charging lamp can be easily noticed: when the engine is turned off, the lamp lights up for a short time. The resistor was connected under the glove compartment, in the harness passing through the engine shield. The ignition wire (+15) is thick blue with a black stripe, the excitation wire (61) is thin brown with a white stripe. Instead of a resistor, you can use a 10 W light bulb, but IMHO, a resistor is more reliable.

No charging - main causes and troubleshooting

Owners of VAZ classics often have to deal with the problem when there is no charge for the 2106. The reasons leading to such a problem can be very different, and most likely it will not be possible to list them in full here, so we will list at least the most common of them.

1. The brushes of the VAZ 2106 generator are worn out. If the brushes are not long enough, this can lead to a situation where the VAZ 2106 battery is not charging, or when the charging is too weak. Therefore, if the VAZ 2106 battery charging light is on, first of all you should check the generator brushes of the VAZ 2106 car and, if necessary, replace them. It should be noted that the length of the brushes should not be less than 12 mm.

2. The diode bridge has failed. Poor battery charging can also be caused by burnt-out diodes of the rectifier unit, since the generator cannot fully charge the battery. To check, you need to diagnose the diode bridge and, if necessary, replace it.

3. The charging relay has failed. If the battery of a VAZ 2106 car is not charging, then the reason for this may also be a breakdown of the charging relay. As a rule, if charging on a VAZ 2106 is lost precisely for this reason, then car owners have to look for a fault for a long time until this electrical part is replaced. By the way, it must be said that it changes very easily, since it is attached with only two bolts under the hood on the right side.

4. Problems with the rotor and stator. If, after checking all of the above parts, the VAZ 2106 car battery charging light is still on, you need to diagnose the generator and be sure to check its stator and rotor, and if necessary, replace the generator.

How to connect a generator to a VAZ 2106? First, the generator is placed in its “legal” place, near the engine, and its location must be secured with a washer and bolt. After this, the lower fastening nut is put on. The generator is connected to the VAZ 2106 by two wires, the first comes from the terminal of the brush holder, and the second comes from the plug of the main terminal of the stator winding. The main difference between the output of the brush holder and the wire coming from the output of the stator winding is the absence of insulation pads.

The wire fastening nut must be attached to the generator terminal; a protective rubber cap is placed on top of the terminal. Next, screw the nut securing the generator onto the tension bar. Then the generator belt is put on the crankshaft, generator and pump pulley. The tightening of the generator fastening to the bar located under the hood is increased. After this, you should install the protective shield, carefully securing it with 12 fastening screws. That's all, the generator is installed and after that all that remains is to check it.

You should immediately look for the cause of the malfunction, because the supply of current to all electrical equipment, as well as battery charging, is at risk.

As you know, with a working generator, the battery does not require charging for many months and years, while maintaining at least 60% charge. That is, a battery with a capacity of 55 Ah, which is usually equipped with dozens, is replenished with current due to the operation of a working generator.

How to change the diode bridge of a VAZ 2107

In order to change the diode bridge (horseshoe), you need to unscrew the three screws holding the stator windings.

Before deciding to replace the diode bridge, it is better to test the diodes using a multimeter. If one of the diodes is broken (resistance is close to zero), it is better to replace the entire horseshoe with a new one. Self-repair of a diode bridge is possible if you have the appropriate diodes, but it is not ineffective, since the price is low.

If the stator windings are blackened, this means that during operation they overheated greatly and the stator needs to be replaced.

After the repair is completed, assembly and installation in the car is done in the reverse order. Having installed the generator belt, it is tensioned and secured with a nut. When tensioning the belt, use a tensioner, inserting it between the generator and the engine block. The same is done when replacing the VAZ 2107 alternator belt.

Next, connect the terminals of the wires to the battery in the sequence: positive, then negative.

Upon completion of installation work, a test run of the engine is performed and the battery charge parameters are measured. If the parameters match, the repair is considered completed. A complete replacement of the VAZ 2107 generator is carried out only if it is significantly damaged or, if desired, in the absence of spare parts. The price of a new generator ranges from 3,000 to 5,000 rubles.

Basic problems

If the generator begins to act up, then the main causes of the malfunction should be sought either in the on-board network, or these are problems with the generator itself. If the generator gives a charge, but not enough, then perhaps it has been “loaded” too much by installing many other gadgets in addition to the standard electrical equipment, and it is already working at the limit of its capabilities.

Our motorists really love tuning the VAZ 2110, adding, for example, speaker power, enhancing the light, etc. In such cases, some people change the battery, for example, installing it with a capacity of 70 Ah, instead of the usual VAZ one with 55 Ah.

But although this may help at first, over time such a battery will run out even faster, since a standard generator will not be able to provide it with a full charge; it does not have enough power for this.

The reasons for battery discharge are described in detail in the following material:

troubleshooting

To accurately determine the source of the problem with the generator, you need to perform a basic check. If you do not have “additional” energy consumers, you can immediately look for generator faults; if there are any, turn them all off for a while. Moreover, do not turn it off, but simply disconnect it from the car.

Test plan:

1. Measure the current output on a cold car, when it is not running and all its life support systems are turned off. It will be ideal if there is no return at all. But this happens extremely rarely. On almost every VAZ 2110, somewhere due to insufficient contact, local short circuit, etc. There is still a small return. But - just a small one, and not one in which the battery can run out during a night of parking;
2. If everything is normal, there are no current leaks, or they are negligible, the battery is not discharged, reconnect all those devices that you (no matter, independently or with the help of hired specialists) installed on your car on your own initiative. Repeat the same check. If it turns out that current is actively leaking, it means that the reason is not in the battery and is not related to the generator; it is the device not provided for by the designers of the VAZ 2110 that is to blame;
3. But if even then no kickback is detected, we proceed to a thorough examination of the generator. And here there are many possible malfunctions: there is not enough contact between the brushes and the rotor rings; there is a break in the field winding; an interturn short circuit is possible directly in the field winding coil. At the same time, the generator heats up and hums; the field winding may short-circuit to the rotor housing; breaks can also occur in the stator phase winding; the stator can short-circuit to the housing; Possible short circuit of the “plus” to the housing; can break through diodes in the rectifier unit; Mechanical failures are also high on this list.

Now let's look at all of the above generator malfunctions in more detail.

Winding break

If the excitation winding is broken, then there is no charging of the battery. To determine this, it is often enough to place your hand on the generator. When it breaks, it heats up. For an accurate check, you need to disconnect the end of the excitation winding from the brush, connect the battery wires to it, and connect the battery wires to terminal Ш of the generator (via a voltmeter or a light bulb).

If there is a break, the voltmeter needle will not deflect and the light bulb will not light up. To find which of the coils prevents the generator from working, connect the wires from the battery to each individually. Finally, check the soldering and coil terminals. If the break is internal, the coil needs to be replaced; for external ones, soldering helps.

What to do if the battery is boiling

The lamp goes out, the voltmeter needle goes to the right into the red sector, and there is a sharp “chemical” smell in the cabin. At idle, the needle is in the green sector, but as soon as you accelerate, it goes all the way to the right. This indicates that the voltage regulator (chocolate) has failed . If this happens, moving on is more expensive! All the electrical equipment of the car may burn out, and the battery will get damaged, the electrolyte will “boil”, the plates may become warped. To get to the repair site, you can temporarily turn off the generator by removing the wire from terminal “61” of the generator. You can drive for quite a long time on a good battery, just don’t forget to turn off unnecessary electrical appliances - heater fan, heated rear window, radio, etc. Headlights or running lights will have to be left.

Mechanical problems

The first place among the mechanical problems of the VAZ 2110 is belt stretching. In this case, the generator pulley usually gets very hot. In addition, the battery is not sufficiently charged. Also inspect everything for poor contact, breakage, etc.

Therefore, regardless of whether your car has a carburetor or an injector, it is better not to joke with the generator, but if malfunctions are detected, respond quickly to them.

If the generator stops charging, there is nothing good about it. It is necessary to immediately begin searching for the cause of such a malfunction. Otherwise, all your electrical equipment will be without power, and the battery will soon run out completely.

If the generator works well, then the battery will not need additional charging with special devices for many months, sometimes even years. The battery will consistently retain at least 60% charge. Thus, the batteries are constantly replenishing their charge reserve through the operation of the generator.

Diagnosing charging relay faults

1. Worn generator brushes. If the length of the generator brushes of the VAZ-2106 car becomes insufficient, the charge may be lost. When diagnosing a malfunction, you should first carefully check the condition of the brushes in the generator. Their length should not be less than 12 millimeters. If it does not meet the minimum requirements, then they need to be replaced.
2. The diode bridge of the generator does not work. Failure of one or more elements of the rectifier unit may cause a charging malfunction. You should use a tester to check the serviceability of all diodes.
3. Circuit breakers. If there is no charging current in the VAZ-2106 car, it is worth checking the fuses. If a burnt one is found, it should be replaced.
4. Alternator belt and its tension. The generator belt is made in the shape of a wedge, so it is bursting between the cheeks in the pulley. When the pulley wears out, the generator belt may slip in the cheeks. Because of this, charging problems sometimes occur. In this case, it is necessary to immediately replace the generator pulley and belt.
5. Battery terminals. If there is oxidation on the battery terminals, it may prevent the battery from charging. In this case, you should clean the terminals with soda dissolved in water. This product can remove plaque. After completely cleaning the terminals from oxidation, wipe them well with a dry cloth and then lubricate them with thick lubricant.

What is on the VAZ 2110

For VAZ 2110 cars, the installation of two types of generators is provided, depending on the installed engine.

1. For carburetor models, a generator with number 9402.3701 is installed.
2. If the engine is injection, then the catalog number of the generator used will be 3202-3771. It has a serpentine belt.

Regardless of the type of installed engine and generator, respectively, problems with the devices are the same, therefore the inspection and repair procedure is identical in both cases.

Malfunctions

There are two main reasons why an alternator stops charging properly.

What charge does the generator produce?

Many people are interested in the question of how much a generator should produce for normal operation.

Here the parameters directly depend on the current state of the car.

• If the engine is cold and just turns on, then the voltage will normally be 14.1-14.4 Volts;
• If you check the voltage after long trips in traffic jams, then the generator will produce less, about 13.9-14.1V.

Troubleshooting

Lack of charging can be caused by a wide range of reasons, which we will talk about today.

These reasons include:

• Weak contacts;
• Winding breaks;
• Short circuit on the rotor housing;
• Interturn short circuits;
• Mechanical breakdowns;
• Closing the positive clamp on the body;
• Short circuit in the phase winding;
• Short circuit of the stator to the housing.

Let's look at these situations in more detail to determine the true cause of the breakdown specifically in your case.

Start by turning off all additional equipment in your car that is not included as standard - DVR, navigator, audio system, etc.

1. Measure the current output when the vehicle is cold, not running and all life support systems are disconnected. If there is no return at all, that's good. But this rarely happens. Almost always on tens there may be insufficient contact, some kind of short circuit, due to which there is recoil, but it is small. It’s much worse if the recoil is impressive and leads to battery discharge in one night spent in a parking lot or garage.
2. If everything is normal, there are no strong current leaks or they are insignificant, and the battery has retained its charge, then you can return all the devices to the places that were installed additionally.
3. Recheck the recoil. If at the same time the instruments show an active leak, then the reason does not lie in the battery and is not related to the generator. The culprit of the problem is one of the additionally connected devices.
4. If no recoil is observed, then you need to carefully inspect the generator.
5. There are many sources of trouble that can lead to generator failure. These include:

• Insufficient contact between the rotor rings and brushes;
• There was a break in the excitation winding;
• An interturn short circuit has occurred on the field winding coil. In this case, the generator will hum and get very hot;
• The field winding closes to the rotor housing;
• The stator shorts to the housing;
• A break occurs in the stator phase winding;
• The diodes have broken through in the rectifier block, that is, the diode bridge;
• The plus is shorted on the body;
• Mechanical problems have occurred.

Problem solving

1. Poor contact. Loose contact can occur due to contamination, oil getting on the brushes, slip rings. Also, contact may deteriorate due to shrinkage of the springs that press on the brushes, or the brushes are stuck. Such phenomena lead to an increase in excitation resistance and can sometimes break the circuit. To eliminate the problem, sometimes it is enough to simply treat the surfaces with a rag soaked in gasoline. If the brushes are worn out, it is better to replace them. At the same time, check the condition of the springs and rings. The rings oxidize, so treat them with glass sandpaper.

1. The winding has broken. If this happens, the battery will no longer charge. To determine the problem, place your hand on the battery. If there is a break, the device will begin to heat up. If you want a more accurate check, then disconnect the end of the field winding from the brush and connect the battery wires to it and terminal Ш using a voltmeter or a light bulb. If there is a break, the lamp will not light up and the voltmeter needle will not budge. Test each coil individually to determine which one is preventing the alternator from working. The internal coils must be replaced, and the internal coils must be soldered.

1. Short circuit between turns. An interturn short circuit can occur in any field winding coil. If such a situation occurs, the winding will begin to heat up, and the excitation current will increase. To check, be sure to measure the resistance of each coil. For this you will need a voltmeter.

1. Short circuit on the rotor housing. Such a breakdown leads to the fact that the entire field winding is short-circuited. The generator stops working. The most common short circuit area is where the ends of the winding lead to the rotor rings. To check, use a 220V light bulb. One wire should be connected to any contact of the ring, and the second to the rotor core or shaft. If there is a short circuit, then the light will turn on. It is impossible to operate a car with such a generator. It is necessary to isolate or completely replace the faulty winding. The first option is only suitable for getting to a service station and carrying out a full repair.

1. Short circuit on phase winding. This kind of problem occurs because the insulation between the turns of the stator coil is destroyed. If this happens, the generator will start to get very hot, the battery will not receive sufficient charge, as this happens at high crankshaft speeds.
2. Short circuit of the stator to the housing. As is the case with the other listed short circuit options, in this situation the generator begins to overheat, hum, and its power drops significantly. To check you will need a 220V light bulb. One wire is connected to the core, and the second to the winding terminal. Any. If there is a short circuit, your light bulb will light up. To fix the problem, simply replace the failed coil.
3. The positive terminal closes to the housing. This kind of malfunction is unpleasant because it does not just overheat your generator. Also, due to this short circuit, breakdown of the diodes of the rectifier unit occurs. From there, the problem goes to the battery, which can simply short out. Not infrequently, a short circuit led to complete failure of the battery. Although most often it just completely discharges.
4. Mechanical problems. If we take into account all possible mechanical problems of the generator, then belt stretching will be in first place in terms of frequency. This is the most common breakdown in the case of the VAZ 2110. If this happens, the pulley will begin to seriously overheat and the battery will not have enough charge. It is not superfluous to check the quality of all contacts, the presence of broken connections and other possible mechanical problems.

If problems are detected with the generator, you should immediately begin measures aimed at eliminating the breakdown. If you have no experience, contact only trusted service stations.

The alternator is the heart of your vehicle's electrical system. Like the main human organ, it provides power to all instruments and devices. Therefore, you should treat it very carefully and if problems arise, do not delay repairs.

Home » Chassis » Why the VAZ 2106 is not charging. Why there is no charging: the main reasons. What is a generator

Main problems

First, let's list the reasons for the lack of charging of the battery on the VAZ 2106:

• the generator drive belt is worn or weakened;
• faulty wiring or connecting blocks;
• poor contact of the relay-regulator with the body;
• generator malfunction: brush wear;
• the diode bridge is broken;
• stator or rotor windings are damaged;

As we see, there are quite a few reasons. In order to find out why the battery is not charging, you will have to check all of the above probabilities. But first, let’s look at the electrical circuit of the on-board network, which is responsible for recharging the battery.